Abstract:
Ideal and real reactors play a crucial role in water treatment, directly influencing
reactor behavior under various conditions. Ideal reactors, such as perfectly mixed reactors
and plug flow reactors, serve as simplified theoretical models to predict the behavior of
real reactors. However, real reactors often deviate from these ideal models due to factors
like non-homogeneous flows and dead zones.
To understand and optimize the functioning of real reactors, hydrodynamic studies
are essential. These studies use tracers, substances introduced into the system to track
flows and mixing within the reactors. The data obtained allow for the analysis of reactor
behavior under different conditions. These analyses are crucial for adjusting operational
parameters and improving the efficiency of water treatment.
In summary, studying reactor behavior through the use of tracers and hydrodynamic
studies helps optimize water treatment by accounting for the differences between ideal and
real reactors, as well as the various operational conditions.
This thesis made it possible to study the behavior of four biological reactors intended
for water treatment, identify their failures (dead zones, short circuits), and define the
equivalent of real reactors.
