Conception d'une gomme respiratoire à base d’extraits de plantes naturelles

Abstract

This study focuses on the formulation of respiratory gums enriched with natural plant extracts, specifically licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), propolis, rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), and essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus, highlighting their antioxidant and antibacterial activities, as well as the evaluation of total polyphenol content. The antioxidant activity, assessed using the DPPH method, showed that rosemary extract exhibited the strongest activity with an IC₅₀ of 0.004 mg/ml, followed by propolis (0.142 mg/ml) and licorice (0.724 mg/ml). These results correlate with the total polyphenol contents, expressed in mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter (mg GAE/g DM): rosemary (336.6), licorice (140.1), and propolis (106.6). The antimicrobial activity study demonstrated that all extracts were effective against Staphylococcus aureus at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 25 mg/ml. Against Klebsiella pneumoniae, rosemary was active at 25 mg/ml, licorice at 50 mg/ml, while propolis showed no effect. Concerning Bacillus subtilis, both propolis and rosemary were active at 25 mg/ml, and licorice at 50 mg/ml. Finally, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, only licorice showed activity at 100 mg/ml, while the other two extracts were inactive. These findings confirm the potential of using natural extracts in pharmaceutical formulations such as gums, by combining strong antioxidant effects with targeted antimicrobial activity