Les dermatophyties diagnostiquées au CHU Benbadis de Constantine. Étude rétrospective: années 2019 -2020.

Abstract

Abstract : Dermatophytosis represents a main reason for consultation in dermatology, constituting a real public health problem, thus the importance of this study, the objective of which was to study the dermatophytic flora incriminated as responsible for dermato-mycosis in the region of Constantine and its surroundings. Our retrospective study carried out in laboratory of parasitology and mycology at the CHU of Constantine, went on from January 1st 2019 to 31st of December 2020, and covered a total of 2149 mycological samples of the nails, the skin and the scalp of which 774 proved positive of a dermatophytosis, a frequency of 36%. The majority of patients who presented to the laboratory were from Constantine over 95%. The mycological analysis confirmed the cases of dermatophyties of the nail in 393 samples out of the 946 performed at this level, that is to say 41.54%, the disease affected both women and men with a slight female predominance (51.1% for women and 49.9% for men), the most affected age group was 51 to 60 years old. The majority of the lesions were caused by Trichophyton rubrum (53.6%). In addition, the mycological diagnosis confirmed cases of dermatophyties of the skin in 243 samples out of the 728 performed at this level, that is to say a frequency of 31.2%, the disease affected both women and men with a slight female predominance (51.44% for women and 48.56% for men), the age group most affected was 21 to 30 years old. The majority of the lesions were caused by Trichophyton rubrum (55.12%). Out of the 475 patients admitted for suspected scalp ringworms, 138 samples were found to be positive, that is to say a frequency of 29.1%. A sex ratio of 4.75 was recorded showing a strong male predominance, the age groups ranged from 7 months to 70 years with an average of 10.03 reflecting a majority of children of which the most affected were 4 to 6 years old. The type of the hair parasitism was mostly microsporic (82.35%), caused by Microsporum canis. Dermatophytosis is relatively benign infections but can be confused with other skin diseases difficult to diagnose. Their proper management must pass through the mycological analysis.