Extraction des huiles végétales et valorisation des sous-produits en filtre innovant procédé zéro déchet

Abstract

The objective of this study is to achieve a green process with double zero waste gains. The first product of this process is a vegetable oil extracted from prickly pear seeds which has multiple uses, particularly in its raw state or after formulation (cream, gel, etc.). The second product is an adsorbent based on waste from this same extraction, which will be the support for an innovative filter for various uses. The extracted oil clearly showed its antioxidant power, hence its anti-aging property. The by-product of the extraction was used as an adsorbent for a dye, crystal violet, taken as a model in this study. The latter was carried out under the effect of certain parameters such as: contact time, pH, mass of the adsorbent, temperature and initial concentration. The characterization included the determination of the surface functions by the Boehm method where it showed the acidic character confirmed by the zero charge pH which is equal to: pHpzc=2.6, pHpzc=4.81, pHpzc=7.2 and pHpzc=8.5. Also the analysis of the iodic indices and methylene blue showed its capacity against micro, meso and macro pollutants with values of Id = 951.75 mg/g and qMB= 0.33mg/g respectively. The phenol index test is inapplicable to SEGOFI because it itself releases phenol. The adsorption results showed that the kinetics are second order, controlled by intraparticle diffusion. Also the thermodynamic study has advanced that the retention of spontaneous nature (AG 0), endothermic (AH>0) and the positive value of enthalpy (AS>0), indicates that the process is irreversible with increase of a disorder at the solid-liquid interface. Finally the sorption of crystal violet on the by-product of the extraction of seeds of Opuntia Ficus Indica (SEGOFI) at room temperature, with a mass of 0.2g, at a natural pH of pH = 5.8, and for an initial concentration of 50 mg/g gave a maximum biosorption capacity qm= 14.60 mg/g, or equilibrium is reached after 60 minutes of contact with a yield of 95.98%. In conclusion, SEGOFI highlights its effectiveness as an adsorbent material.