ETUDE HYDRODYNMIQUE DANS LES RÉACTEURS BIOLOGIQUES

Abstract

Ideal and real reactors play a crucial role in water treatment, directly influencing reactor behavior under various conditions. Ideal reactors, such as perfectly mixed reactors and plug flow reactors, serve as simplified theoretical models to predict the behavior of real reactors. However, real reactors often deviate from these ideal models due to factors like non-homogeneous flows and dead zones. To understand and optimize the functioning of real reactors, hydrodynamic studies are essential. These studies use tracers, substances introduced into the system to track flows and mixing within the reactors. The data obtained allow for the analysis of reactor behavior under different conditions. These analyses are crucial for adjusting operational parameters and improving the efficiency of water treatment. In summary, studying reactor behavior through the use of tracers and hydrodynamic studies helps optimize water treatment by accounting for the differences between ideal and real reactors, as well as the various operational conditions. This thesis made it possible to study the behavior of four biological reactors intended for water treatment, identify their failures (dead zones, short circuits), and define the equivalent of real reactors.